Date

5-2025

Document Type

Capstone Project (Campus-Only Access)

Degree Name

Bachelor of Arts (B.A.)

Department

Liberal Studies

Major

Liberal Studies

First Advisor

Paoze Thao

Abstract

This senior capstone research project study examines the effects of bilingual education programs on elementary school students, with a focus on the native Spanish speakers in California. Through the use of literature review and surveys of educators and principals, the result findings revealed that bilingual education programs have affected elementary school students academically, linguistically, and socio-culturally in particular the Dual Language Immersion (DLI) and Transitional Bilingual Education (TBE). The findings also indicated that DLI programs, particularly the 90/10 model enhances bilingualism, biliteracy, and long-term academic achievement, while strengthening students' cultural identity and family connections as well. However, there are challenges for the programs which include teacher shortages, inadequate resources, and societal misconceptions. The study underscores the benefits of bilingual education and calls for increased funding, teacher training, and community outreach to support equitable implementation. By addressing the systemic barriers for the bilingual education program, schools would know how to better serve the diverse student populations and foster inclusive learning environments for bilingual students.

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