Miscellaneous Publications – Spanish

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  1789 - Storia della California, Francesco Saverio Clavigero

  The history of Mexico collected from Spanish and Mexican historians, from manuscripts and old paintings of Indians, along with discussion of the animals and inhabitants of Mexico. Includes illustrated charts and copperplates. Clavigero was born at Vera Cruz, Mexico, September 9, 1731;, and he died in Bologna, Italy, on April 2, 1787. At the age of seventeen he entered the Society of Jesus. Subsequently, his attention was drawn Mto the valuable collection of documents on Mexican history and antiquities deposited there by Siguenza y Gongora, from which he derived much of his information.

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  1790 - An Historical Journal of the Expeditions by Sea and Land to the North of California in 1768, 1769 and 1770, Translated

  An English translation published in 1790 of a Spanish journal of expeditions by sea and land to the north of California (Alta California) in 1768, 1769 and 1770. Also included is a description of the coast of California published in a Treatise of Navigation printed in Manila in 1734. A map of California by Don Miguel Costanso, the Engineer for the expedition was attached at the end of the translaton.

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  1812 - Constitucion de Cádiz

  The Constitution of the Spanish monarchy was also known as Spanish Constitution of 1812 or Constitution of Cadiz was in Cádiz on March 19, 1812. It has been granted great historical importance because it is the first Spanish Constitution. It remained officially in force for two years when it was repealed on May 4, 1814, although as late as 1820, allegiance to the 1812 Spanish Constitution was still being demanded. The Constitution of Cádiz among other things limited the power of the monarchy, the abolished feudalism, provided equality between Spanish born Spaniards and Americans, and ended the Spanish inquisition.

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  1822 - Constitucion Politica de La Monarquia Española, Promulgada en Cadiz el Dia 19 de Marzo de 1812 con La Relacion de Lo Acaecido en España desde el dia 1 de enero hasta últimos de marzo del año 1820

  On March 19, 1812, during the Spanish War of Independence (1808−14), the Cortes of Cádiz promulgated the Constitution of the Spanish Monarchy. The liberal in character Constitution was the first constitution in Spain that established national sovereignty and the division of powers. King Fernando VII reigned for a short period in 1808, before being overthrown by Napoleon. In 1813, Fernando regained the throne at the conclusion of the war of independence. Fernando abolished the Constitution restoring absolute monarchical power. Fernando exercised this power until the end of his reign in 1833, except for the liberal three-year period of 1820 to 1823, when the constitution of Cádiz was reestablished as the fundamental law of the state. This edition of the 1812 constitution was published in 1822, during the liberal three-year period.

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  1890 - Spanish Colonization in the Southwest, Frank Wilson Blackmar

  This publication addressed Spanish policy relating to colonization, comparison of Spanish colonies with those of the Romans, attempts to settle California and New Mexico, the mission system, civic colonies (pueblo), presidios, presidial pueblo, and land grants to settlers.

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  1907 - Spanish Explorers of the Southern United States 1528-1543

  Three narratives describing the expeditions made by early Spanish explorers between 1528 and 1543 of a portion of the country that eventually became part of the United States. These accounts include:

  • Alvar Nuñez Cabeca de Vaca, edited by Frederick W. Hodge (1528-1538 - about an expedition led by Panfilo de Narvaez and the men who ultimately made it from Florida to California -- Alva Nuñez Cabeza de Vaca, a Negro called Estévan, and three friars of the order of Saint Francis);
  • Hernando de Soto by The Gentleman of Elvas and edited by Theodore H. Lewis; and
  • Francisco Vazquez Coronado by Pedro de Castañeda and edited by Frederick W. Hodge.

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  1919, September - Spanish Colonial Municipalities, Hebert Ingram Prietley

  While the first conquerors brought to the New World a love of liberty and a spirit of strong autonomy, during the sixteenth century the Spanish reduced the municipalities from their earlier importance and power subjecting them to centralized control by officers of the Crown. Previously, the Spanish townsmen had established under their fueros the equality of all the citizens before the law . (Fueros were the charters granted to villages, towns and regions by Spanish monarchs in the Middle Ages and which established their rights and obligations.) Every man had a right to participate in public affairs. He shared in the election of magistrates. The authority of the town government was based on popular election; this constituted the legitimate sanction of the officer in the exercise of his duties under the local fueros.

  The guarantees of the citizen were missing in the Spanish-American municipality. There was, too, the lack of forceful union between the towns, union that had in Spain given stability and respectability to the local entities. This article discusses the conditions of and manner in which the Spanish managed the Colonial municipalities in New Spain and its territories.

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  1774 - Diary of Fray Tomas de la Peña Kept During the Voyage of the Santiago

  The diary of Fray Tomas de la Peña Published by the Southern California Historical Society in 1891, this is an account of the of the 1774 voyage of the Santiago to the Northwest Coast of North America. The diary was detached from the historical society's publication, Vol. II, pt. 1, p. [5]6, 83-143.

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  1759 - A natural and civil history of California, Volume I

  Volume I. is the 1759 English translation of Spanish Jesuit Miguel Venegas’s 1758 publication regarding the history of the Peninsula of California. It describes the soil, mountains, harbors, lakes, rivers and seas, the animals, vegetables, minerals and fishery for pearls; as well as the customs of the inhabitants, their religion, government, manner of living before their conversion to the Christian religion by the Jesuits. The Preface addresses the merits of the Spanish publication, the strengths and weakness of the Spanish in this far region, as well as the potential opportunities for England. Volume one contains Part I. through Part III, Sect. XII., dealing with the discoveries and extent of California (a peninsula as opposed to an island), the history of California when first discovered by Hernan Cortes in 1536 and the introduction and role of the Jesuits in California.

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  1759 - A natural and civil history of California, Volume II

  Volume II (Part III, Sec. XIII through Part V) is a continuation of the 1759 English translation of Spanish Jesuit Miguel Venegas’s 1758 publication regarding the history of the Peninsula of California. It continues where Volume I, Part III, Sect. XII, left off discussing the role of the Jesuits in California. Volume II also contains five appendices: Appendix I, a short description of the coast of California by Francisco Lopez de Gomara; Appendix II, the narrative of the 1602 voyage of Captain Sebastian Vizcaino surveying the western coast of the California Peninsula; Appendix III, an account of the 1746 voyage of Father Fernando Consag to survey the eastern coast of the California Peninsula to the Colorado River; Appendix IV, a description of California by English Captain Woods Rogers and his 1714 voyage to the South Sea; and Appendix V, extract of passages from the passages regarding the voyage of English Commodore George Anson with a vindication of the Jesuits and refuting aspect of the account of the voyage by Chaplain Richard Walter.

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  1923 – Material Results at Mission Santa Barbara, Agricultural Products and Livestock Tables, 1787-1839, Engelhardt (courtesy of the Santa Barbara Mission Archive-Library

  The annual reports for each California mission were required to include an accounting of the agricultural products (wheat, barley, corn, beans, peas) and livestock (cattle, sheep, goats, pigs, mules, horses). The content of the tables compiled by Zephyrin Engelhardt came from official mission records.

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  1929 - Material Results at Mission Nuestra Senora De La Soledad, Agricultural Products and Livestock Tables, 1791-1834, Engelhardt (courtesy of the Santa Barbara Mission Archive-Library)

  The annual reports for each California mission were required to include an accounting of the agricultural products (wheat, barley, corn, beans, peas) and livestock (cattle, sheep, goats, pigs, mules, horses). The content of the tables compiled by Zephyrin Engelhardt came from official mission records.

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  1929 - Material Results at Mission San Antonio de Padua, Agricultural Products and Livestock Tables, 1773-1833, Engelhardt (courtesy of the Santa Barbara Mission Archive-Library)

  The annual reports for each California mission were required to include an accounting of the agricultural products (wheat, barley, corn, beans, peas) and livestock (cattle, sheep, goats, pigs, mules, horses). The content of the tables compiled by Zephyrin Engelhardt came from official mission records.

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  1931 - Material Results at Mission San Juan Bautista, Agricultural Products and Livestock Tables, 1797-1832, Engelhardt (courtesy of the Santa Barbara Mission Archive-Library)

  The annual reports for each California mission were required to include an accounting of the agricultural products (wheat, barley, corn, beans, peas) and livestock (cattle, sheep, goats, pigs, mules, horses). The content of the tables compiled by Zephyrin Engelhardt came from official mission records.

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  1931 - Material Results at San Miguel Mission, Agricultural Products and Livestock Tables, 1797-1832, Engelhardt (courtesy of the Santa Barbara Mission Archive-Library)

  The annual reports for each California mission were required to include an accounting of the agricultural products (wheat, barley, corn, beans, peas) and livestock (cattle, sheep, goats, pigs, mules, horses). The content of the tables compiled by Zephyrin Engelhardt came from official mission records.

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  1932 - Material Results at Mission La Concepcion Purisima, Agricultural Products and Livestock, 1788-1834, Engelhardt (courtesy of the Santa Barbara Mission Archive-Library)

  The annual reports for each California mission were required to include an accounting of the agricultural products (wheat, barley, corn, beans, peas) and livestock (cattle, sheep, goats, pigs, mules, horses). The content of the tables compiled by Zephyrin Engelhardt came from official mission records.

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  1932 - Material Results at Mission Santa Ines, Agricultural Products and Livestock Tables, 1804-1834, Engelhardt (courtesy of the Santa Barbara Mission Archive-Library)

  The annual reports for each California mission were required to include an accounting of the agricultural products (wheat, barley, corn, beans, peas) and livestock (cattle, sheep, goats, pigs, mules, horses). The content of the tables compiled by Zephyrin Engelhardt came from official mission records.

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  1933 - Material Results at Mission San Luis Obispo, Agricultural Products and Livestock Tables, 1777-1832, Engelhardt (courtesy of the Santa Barbara Mission Archive-Library)

  The annual reports for each California mission were required to include an accounting of the agricultural products (wheat, barley, corn, beans, peas) and livestock (cattle, sheep, goats, pigs, mules, horses). The content of the tables compiled by Zephyrin Engelhardt came from official mission records.

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  1934 - Material Results at Mission San Carlos Borromeo (Carmelo), Agricultural Products and Livestock Tables, 1772-1832, Engelhardt (courtesy of the Santa Barbara Mission Archive-Library)

  The annual reports for each California mission were required to include an accounting of the agricultural products (wheat, barley, corn, beans, peas) and livestock (cattle, sheep, goats, pigs, mules, horses). The content of the tables compiled by Zephyrin Engelhardt came from official mission records.

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  1978 - The Economic Aspects of California Missions by Robert Archibald

  While the ordained purpose of the missions was the Christianization and Hispanicization of the native people, the necessity of gathering Indians into communities required a viable economic base for support. Once Mexico achieved its independence from Spain, the missions also took on the support of the military and much of the civilian population. The California missions as frontier institutions are viewed as pastoral, agricultural, mercantile and financial organizations. The book examines the development of these economic functions.