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Non-Violence Conference in India, Memory & Youth Rights: Conferencia No Violencia en India, Memoria, y Derechos de los Jóvenes
The article on the left-side main focus is the Non-violent Conference that took place in India. It explains the different non-violent resistance methods and how to move forward in the struggle. On the top right is an image of Emiliano Zapata, a Mexican revolutionary. Included is a snapshot of Mr. Zapata's legacy. The article below reveals how young Chicanos were framed for arson by growers/corporations in an effort to prevent the United Farm Workers Organizing Committee from increase their support for just wages and humane working/living conditions.
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Patients Have Rights Too, Pesticide Victory & Veterans Memorial Building Sued: Los Pacientes También Tienen Derechos, Una Victory
During 1970 the Kern General Hospital decided to make a few changes to their hospital that would hinder the health of patients with tuberculosis. Detailed is how tuberculosis patients advocated for their rights to appropriate/adequate health care. The article that follows focuses on the strike that took place in Coachella, California.Workers and supporters of the United Farm Workers Organizing Committee protested unfair wages and inhumane working/living conditions. The article on the right-hand side acknowledges the work of farm workers, the United Farm Workers Organizing. Committee and scientists that advocated for the regulation of pesticides, herbicides, and DDT. Moreover, they state that Judge Locke recognized the harmful effects of such chemicals and stated that farm workers would be able to have 14 to 21 day leave after exposure to the harmful chemicals. The article below highlights the efforts of the New Horizon Club. They are dedicated in supporting farm worker families.
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Racism in Agriculture: Racismo en la Agricultura
Article was written by Phillip Veracruz where he describes in detail the hardships of farm workers the oppression, discrimination, overt racism, and inhumane working conditions. He also states why they strike, explains the purpose of the boycotts and the movement. Included are images of farm workers living facilities.
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Richgrove Ponder School Needs: Richgrove Reflexionar sobre las Necesidades de la Escuela
In the 1970s in Richgrove, CA there were approximately 800 residents. The school board at the time was controlled by growers. The city was composed of 80% Chicanos and 20% Filipinos. The demographic of the board and school administration did not match the community that they served, which resulted in a lack of understanding of student experiences. The children in that city suffered living in poverty and faced a school system that was inherently racist. It was difficult for students to receive a proper education and as we know education is one of the ways to escape economic hardships. Education is an avenue for many to apply and accept better paying professions, thus resulting in reducing their economic burden. However, that option was not provide to these children.
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Salinas Teamsters & Eloise & Gilbert Web
The images on the left are of a procession/march that took place to raise awareness and support farm workers rights. The article below discusses the rivalry that took place between Teamsters union and the United Farm Workers Organizing Committee (UFWOC) . At the time the Teamsters Union was harassing farm workers to sign a contract through their union. Despite strong opposition and hindrance from the the Teamsters union over 100,000 farm workers signed contracts with the UFWOC. Farm workers recognized that the UFWOC had their best interest in mind. The article on the right shares that Eloise Chavez one of Cesar Chavez's daughters was married to Gilbert Hernandez.
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Salinas Teamsters: Teamsters de Salinas
Images included are those of a march from Soledad, CA to Salinas, CA in support of the United Farm Workers Organizing Committee and against the ill treatment of the Teamsters Union. The article elaborates on the speeches and the event that took place on August 2, 1970.
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School Strikes: Tries New Techniques & Child Labor: Huelgas en las Escuelas: Nueva Técnicas y Trabajo Infantil
Children took part in strikes and nonviolent resistance movement along side of their parents. As a result of children's involvement in the boycotts and strikes, they created a school focused on the strike and educating children about the labor movement. Parents acknowledged that farm worker children faced discrimination and prejudices attending schools that were managed by individuals who did not comprehend their struggle. Do to ill treatment towards their children experienced they strived to create a school where their children would be able to receive proper education and treatment. Moreover, the writers also disclosed that in 1969 about 11,273 children were found working in the field under inhuman conditions.
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Sour Pickles in Michigan: Encurtidos Amargos en Michigan
Included is an example of how growers hired farm workers, but the contracts violated the state law. It describes the efforts of the United Farm Workers Union with support of the AFL-CIO to help the farm workers receive/sign fair contract. Unions advocated and fought for growers to uphold fair labor laws throughout the United States.
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Teamster Raids in Salinas and Santa Maria Valley
Image of Cesar Chavez speaking during a march in support to farm workers subjected to violence and horrifying working conditions in Salinas and Santa Maria Valley in the state of California.
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The Discipline of Nonviolence Three Lifestyles: La Disciplina de No-Violencia Tres Estilos de Vida
Images are of iconic civil rights leaders Martin Luther King Jr. and Mahatma Gandhi. The article elaborates on their lifestyles and perspectives.
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The Grape Boycott: Consumer Power Strikes A Blow for Justice: El Poder del Consumidor: El Boicote de Uva
Nonviolent resistance was iconic with the labor movement led by Cesar Chavez. Individuals fought for fair labor contracts and an improvement of their working conditions. They were able to gain the support of not only mayors like John Linsey from New York, but they were able to garner support from Canadian citizens.
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The Wetback Game: El Juego de los Mojadas/os
Article highlights the efforts of growers to employee individuals who had no legal status in the United States to reduce their overall cost. It explains that foreman would warn undocumented migrant workers when the border patrol was their to arrest/deport them. Raids in the fields was a common occurrence. Growers would hire undocumented individuals, pay them wages far below the poverty line and further exploit them through horrifying living conditions. Growers engaged in such practices to avoid paying individuals fair wages and negotiate contracts that would overall help farm workers.
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Through Our Eyes: A Través de Nuestros Ojos
The images and statements included are some explains of blunt and overt racism and discrimination experienced by Filipinos and Mexican farm workers.
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Two Young Chicanos Who Faced the Draft: Dos Jóvenes Chicanos que se Enfrentaron con Servicio Militar Obligatorio
On the left side there is an image of Frank Pasillas a Vietnam war veteran. During WWII and the Korean War Chicanos where the soldiers who received the most medals. He explains that he never questioned his military service. However, the image right below his is of Juan Flores, a young man who was drafted to the military but refused to go and murder an enemy that he did not know. He stated that US army did not explain why they were fighting in Viet Nam. They only explained that Vietnamese people where the enemy. He refused to service for various reasons but the main reason was because he had been engaged in nonviolence protests to improve the betterment of the working conditions of farm workers. He believed that nonviolent resistance was the correct way and could not in good conscious kill another human being. Furthermore, he describes his experiences working in the fields and in the military.
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United Farm Workers Organizing Committee
The photograph/article on the left documents one of the victoriers that United Farm Workers Organizing Committee (UFWOC) had. They signed a fair labor contract with the Giumarra Vineyards Corporation one of the largest companies. They also celebrated that the UFWOC label was in every grape box sold in the state of California during the time. The article on the right discusses the UFWOC labor contract with Inter-Harvest in Salinas, CA. The image included is of Cesar Chavez, Dolores Huerta, and members of the United Fruit Conglomerate.
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Un Pensamiento: A thought
Poem was written by Manuel Jimenez, a freshmen at the time at the College of the Sequoias, and was a members of United Mexican American Students. The poem was written from his experiences as a farm worker experiencing hardships.
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Walter P. Reuther 1907-1970
Walter Reuther was a civil rights activist. He founded the United Automobile Workers a international union that fights for equal rights and fair contracts for workers. Included are several photographs of Mr. Reuther and some of his quotes.
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Water Subsidy & Hunger in Kings County: Subsidio de Agua y Hambre en el Condado de Kings
The article on the left side discusses the politics behind water distribution in California. The writers explain the power growers/corporations had to monopolize the irrigation system in California. The article on the right explains that King County was one of the poorest cities in the state of California. Furthermore, they stated that there was high unemployment among farm workers and that they did not receive unemployment insurance. The images included were taken during a week-long march in an effort to encourage politicians to address the poverty rate in King County.
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Agribusiness: California's Riches Industry: Agroindustria: La Industria mas Rica de California
In 1969 agriculture was the most profitable industry. They made over $5 billion in gross income. Additionally, the industry was controlled by 7% of growers. Growers/corporations controlled 79% of the land for production and employed about 75% of farm workers. However, farm workers were paid low wages and worked in horrible conditions.
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Arrests Torpedo W & B Smear Campaign on Fire & Condoning Poisoned Food Chavez Blasts FDA: Arresta Torpedo Campaña de Desprestigio de W & B Sobre Incendios y Rechazo de Alimentos Envenenados Chávez critica a el FDA
The article on the left hand side describes the active efforts of Whitaker and Baxter, the grower's public relation arm, to discredit the United Farm Workers Union. On October 1969 they started fires throughout different fields and framed a group of 5 young farm workers for those crimes. There acts were part of their anti-union hysteria. The article on the right hand side illustrate the efforts of Cesar Chavez, the United Farm Workers Union, and their supports protesting the inhuman acts of the United States Food and Drug Administration and growers to overlook the deadly effects of pesticides on farm workers health.
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Celebration Marks Building Dedication: Fiesta Marca la Dedicación del Edificio
Celebrated the dedication of a building to Roy Reuther. He was a activist and leader who fought for human rights and championed various social justice issues included but not limited to the rights of farm workers.
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Coachella Strike Victorious: Coachella Una Victoria
Image was taken by Thurder it depicts farm workers and their supporters protesting to hopefully propel growers to uphold fair labor contracts.
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