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Senators View Florida Poverty & Pittsburgh Judge Forbids Strike Songs: Los Senadores ven la Pobreza en Florida y El Jùez de Pittsburgh Prohíbe las Canciones de Huelga
The article on the left side explains the inhumane living conditions of farm workers. They compared their working and living conditions to a working as part of a "slave system." The article on the right side explains that a judge in Pittsburg prohibits individuals boycotting and singing. If they do sing they where subject to arrest. In Pittsburgh the United Farm Workers Union faced opposition, and in Hawaii state legislature endorsed the grape boycott.
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Statistics Tell the Tale: Las Estadísticas Cuentan la Historia
Image is of Cesar Chavez during his speech tour where he discussed different strategies and efforts. The article explains the direct impact that boycotts had on sales and growers earnings.
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Talks Stalled on Poison Use: Conversaciones Estancadas Sobre el uso de Venenos
The United Farm Workers Organizing Committee (UFWOC) directed by Cesar Chavez advocated for regulations of pesticides such as DDT. During the negotiations to enact policies that would regulate pesticides grape growers conduct a press conference discourage such efforts.
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Taming the Agribusiness Giant: Domar al Gigante Agroindustria
Political cartoon describing the effort to fight against agricultural businesses.
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The Parade in Lamont: El Desfile en Lamont
Images of a parade held in Lamont, CA to demonstrate support for the labor movement, betterment of working conditions for farm workers, and the United Farm Workers Union.
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What are They Hiding? : ¿Qué Están Ocultando?
Photo was taken by Fred Iltis of fields being sprayed with harmful pesticides.
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What are They Hiding? : ¿Qué Están Ocultando?
The photograph was taken by Iltis it depicts an information label for thiodan diazon 3-2 dust, a harmful pesticide for humans and wildlife. This chemical was approved by the FDA in the 1960s. The United Farm Workers Union fought to stop the continued use of such harmful chemicals.
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10,000 mass in Grand Celebration: Misa de 10,000 en una Fiesta Grande
Image is of Senator Robert E. Kennedy and Cesar Chavez. The article explains that after Mr. Chavez's 25 day fast there was a celebration where 10,000 individuals attended. There was a Protestant and Catholic mass and ritual of breaking of the bread (part of Mexican culture) that took place.
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A Los Mojados Se Ultraja y Roba A los Locales se Explota: The Wet People are Outraged and Robbed The Locals are Exploited
El artículo explica la explotación de ciudadanos mexicanos por parte de cultivadores y corporaciones en el estado de California. Detalla el duro viaje que hacían los ciudadanos mexicanos para llegar a Estados Unidos si lo lograban con vida. Además, los escritores de El Malcriado explican que, si están arriba para mantenerse con vida y encontrar trabajo, fueron explotados aún más por los ganaderos, cultivadores o corporaciones. Estas personas enfrentaron un viaje traicionero y luego condiciones de trabajo y de vida inhumanas. (Eng): Article explains the exploitation of Mexican citizens by growers and corporations in the state of California. Details the hard journey that Mexican citizens took to arrive in the United States if they made it alive. Furthermore, the writers of El Malcriado explain that if they are above to stay alive and find work they were further exploited by ranchers or growers or corporations. These individuals faced a treacherous journey and later inhumane working and living conditions.
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Chavez is Improving & Grapemobile on the Prowl: Chávez está mejorando y Grape Mobile al acech
The first article focuses on Cesar Chavez's injuries. Included are witchcraft and ghosts stories. Lastly it includes a short report of Grapemobile in the Bay Area, as a form to continue protesting/boycotting.
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Farm Workers: Campesinos
La imagen es de trabajadores agrícolas que trabajan bajo el sol y en condiciones terribles. (Eng): Image is of farm workers working under hot sun and terrible conditions.
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Growers Violate Child Labor Laws, Three Mexicans Killed Smuggling "Accident" in Texas & What is Cooking at Filipino Hall? : Productores violan leyes de trabajo infantil, Tres mexicanos muertos en "accidente" de contrabando en Texas y ¿qué se está cocinando en Filipino Hall?
The article on the top of the left side states that in 1968 there were approximately 14,000 children working in the fields. Such actions were a direct violation of the child labor laws. The image is of children, their parents and co-workers on the front lines boycotting unjust and inhumane working conditions. The article that follows describes one of the many tragedies that Mexicans faced. It describes the treacherous journey of 46 men to the United States. On the right side there are images of Esperanza Pulmano, Carmen Reyes and Leona Guzma cooking for folks at the picket line. The image that follows shows George Ebale, Tom Dahiling and Martin Galaport in the fields.
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Impartial Justice, UFWOC for Humphrey & Endorsements: Justicia Imparcial, UFWOC para Humphrey & Endosos
The article on the left side was written by Antonio Oredain where he explains why law and justice in the United States is not impartial. He states that if it was impartial police officers in the photographs would not have taken pictures of all the individuals picketing. The article on the right side was written by Jaime Reyes Sanchez where he describes a few elections where the United Farm Workers Organizing Committee endorsed Humphrey and Carston. Included is also an image of Cesar Chavez bedridden speaking with Alan Cranston. At the time, Alan Cranston was running for United States Senate.
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La Union Demanda $650.000 en Pleito y Nixon no sabe lo que dice: The Union Demands $650,000 in Lawsuit and Nixon does not know what he is saying
El artículo de la izquierda se centra en una demanda que los agricultores presentaron contra sus trabajadores por violar las leyes laborales. Los escritores explican que fue una conspiración contra los trabajadores agrícolas parte de sus esfuerzos antisindicales. En el lado derecho hay varios artículos, uno de los cuales analiza el pago injusto de los trabajadores agrícolas. El otro describe la falta de comprensión del presidente Nixon sobre el boicot y las demandas de los trabajadores agrícolas. (Eng): The article on the left focuses on a lawsuit that growers filed against their workers for violating the labor laws. The writers explain that it was a conspiracy against farm workers part of their anti-union efforts. On the right side there are several articles, one of which discusses unfair pay of farm workers. The other describes President Nixon's lack of understanding of the boycott and the farm workers demands.
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Letters to the Editor: Cartas al editor
Ted Wurm describes the reality of farm workers. He mentions some of the push back that strikes and boycotts underwent. However, he does state that the farm worker movement has gathered support form prominent Catholic bishops. Bernard J. Cronniger letter is in support of collective bargaining and fair labor contracts for migrant workers. Barbara J. Lestak wrote a letter in support of the grape strike and farm workers. Lastly a letter from Larry Itliong, a labor activist/leader, written in Filipino, advocating for a continuation of boycotts and strikes to hopefully cause change to occur. On the right side there an article focused on Alan Cranston, a politician in Los Angeles, who fought for increased wages and farm workers rights. Below that article is one that brings to light the lack of understanding that Nixon had on labor laws.
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Mayors Reject Anti-Boycott Move and Canada Rallies to United Farm Workers Organization Committee: Los Alcaldes Rechazan la Medida Anti Boicot y las Manifestaciones de Canadá ante el Comité de la Organización de Trabajadores Agrícolas Unidos
The article on the left discusses the political debate between mayors, politicians and growers over the grape boycott. The article on the right side includes an image of a march that took place in Toronto, Canada where over 1,000 Canadians marched in support of the grape boycott in California. The article below elaborates on the events of that day also it illustrates the solidarity in support of the farm workers movement. The mayor and city council of Toronto, Canada declared November 23, 1968 "Grape Day."
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Poverty in USA & Poverty in Mexico: Pobreza en USA y Pobreza en México
Image stating that there is poverty in the United States as well as Mexico.
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Qué Significan Las Elecciones para Nosotros Y Conferencias: What do the Elections Mean for Us & Conferences
El artículo del lado izquierdo explica la importancia de las elecciones. El impacto de las decisiones de los que están en el poder. Después del asesinato del presidente Kennedy. El Sindicato Unido de Trabajadores Agrícolas previó que, si se elegía un presidente republicano, sería difícil para ellos abogar por mejores condiciones laborales para todos los trabajadores. El artículo del lado derecho explica que hubo varias conferencias celebradas en 1968 sobre los obstáculos que enfrentaron los Mexicoamericanos y trataron de encontrar soluciones. El segundo artículo describe las dificultades de los jóvenes en Puerto Rico. A los puertorriqueños hasta el día de hoy no se les permite votar por el presidente de los Estados Unidos, lo que dificulta su autonomía. Este artículo destaca algunos de los impactos negativos de tales decisiones.(Eng): The article on the left side explains the importance of elections. The impact of the decisions of those in power. After the assassination of President Kennedy. The United Farm Workers Union foresaw that if a Republican president would be elected it would make it difficult for them to advocate for better working conditions for all workers. The article on the right side explains that there were several conferences held in 1968 regarding the obstacles that Mexican American faced and tried to come up with solutions. The second article describes the hardships of young men in Puerto Rico. Puerto Ricans to this day they are not allowed to vote for the United States President, which hinder their autonomy. This article highlights some of the negative impacts of such decisions.
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Scabs Beat Hirsch: Violencia contré Hirsch
Image depicts Fred Hirsch, a volunteer for the United Farm Workers Union, severally injured by Armando Robles and over 20 scab workers. The article describes the violence and brutality that farmworkers and supporters of the union faced.
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The Fast: La Ayuná
Photographs depict one of many fasts that Cesar Chavez underwent. Fasts where a symbol of penitence and hope for a better life for all workers. Fasting is an integral practice of nonviolence resistance it is to demonstrate an individual's commitment and dedication to the movement. During his fast many union members and supports went to pray and support Cesar Chavez.
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The Strikers of Coachella: Los huelguistas de Coachella
Images of Coachella Strike that took place in 1968.
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The Voice of the Farm Workers: La voz de las trabajadoras agrícolas
Image of a mother holding their young.
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Three Rochester Men Fasts in Protest of Scab Grapes, UFWOC Showdown with Bank of America: Tres hombres de Rochester Ayunan en Protesta, Enfrentamiento de UFWOC con Bank de América
Articles on the left discusses various topics, one of which explains the boycott efforts in numerous states. They also highlight the efforts of young professionals who engaged in fasts to experience the hunger that farm workers faced. The article on the right side focuses on a trial between the United Farm Workers Organizing Committee and the Bank of America. The dispute was surrounding farm workers labor contract.
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Trial & Boycott Builds: Juicio en la Corte y Boycott
Article describes Cesar Chavez trial that took place in 1968. It describes how all farmworkers, from diverse backgrounds and ethnicities came together to show their support for Mr. Chavez. This image also includes an article explaining the number of boycotts that took place across the United States.
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We are Accused: Framed & Letters to the Editor: Los Acusan y Cartas al Editor
Article was written by. Cesar E. Chavez director of the United Farmworkers Union in February 21, 1968. He explains that the movement is falsely accused of violent acts, thus disregarding and misinterpreting the union's goals and action. It explains the anti-strike efforts which were inherently violent against farm workers of all races.
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